Difference between revisions of "Yellow vests movement"
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{{event | {{event | ||
|wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_movement | |wikipedia=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_movement | ||
| − | |constitutes= | + | |constitutes=Protest, Populism, Social movement |
|leaders= | |leaders= | ||
| − | |description=A series of mass demonstrations in France | + | |description=A series of mass demonstrations in France which expressed the dissatisfaction with the political process. Subject to increasingly violent repression. |
|image=Yellow vests movement.jpg | |image=Yellow vests movement.jpg | ||
|image_width=455px | |image_width=455px | ||
|twitter= | |twitter= | ||
|start=17 November 2018 | |start=17 November 2018 | ||
| + | |interests=General strike | ||
| + | |locations =France | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | The '''Yellow vests movement''' ('''gilets | + | The '''Yellow vests movement''' (in French:'''Mouvement des gilets jaunes''') is a [[grassroots]] political and economic justice movement in [[France]]. It started in [[2018]] and in [[2019]] was subject to increasingly violent repression by the [[French]] state authorities.<ref>https://areyouayellowvest.com/no-irreparable-violence-against-yellow-vests-macrons-comments-are-scandalous/ saved at [http://web.archive.org/web/20191210041735/https://areyouayellowvest.com/no-irreparable-violence-against-yellow-vests-macrons-comments-are-scandalous/ Archive.org]</ref><ref>https://www.globalresearch.ca/police-repression-in-france-macron-brutal-tactics-against-yellow-vests-have-nothing-to-do-with-public-safety-everything-to-do-with-global-politics/5668375 — on [[Patreon]] https://www.patreon.com/posts/creation-of-down-24671591</ref><ref>https://borneobulletin.com.bn/frances-yellow-vests-rail-against-police-violence/</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | ==History== | ||
| + | After an online petition posted in May had attracted nearly a million signatures, mass demonstrations began on 17 November. The movement was initially motivated by rising fuel prices and a high cost of living; it claims that a disproportionate burden of the government's tax reforms were falling on the working and middle classes, especially in rural areas. The protesters have called for lower fuel taxes, a reintroduction of the solidarity tax on wealth, a minimum-wage increase, the implementation of Citizens' initiative referendums, among other things. On 29 November 2018, a list of 42 demands was made public and went viral on social media, becoming de facto a structuring basis for the movement, covering a wide range of eclectic topics, mostly related to democracy, social and fiscal justice.<ref>http://archive.today/2020.08.10-222621/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_movement</ref> | ||
==Response== | ==Response== | ||
| − | + | [[File:Yellow_vests2.png|right|450px|thumb|At the end of 2019 315 protestors had been injured in the head due to the police force using the LBD 40 launcher and aiming deliberately too high in some cases,{{cn}} while other accounts blame insufficient training.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-47101435</ref> Some people were left with fractured skulls, 25 lost an eye, five lost a hand and one woman died of injuries caused by a grenade.<ref>https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/11/29/emmanuel-macrons-france-yellow-jackets-police-europe-year-of-cracking-heads/</ref>]] | |
| − | + | ===Prison sentences for using Facebook=== | |
| − | ===Prison sentences for using | ||
Hedi Martin, an organiser, was sentenced to six months' imprisonment after publishing an event on [[Facebook]].<ref>https://www.activistpost.com/2019/01/journalist-given-six-months-in-prison-for-organizing-yellow-vests-protest-on-facebook.html</ref> | Hedi Martin, an organiser, was sentenced to six months' imprisonment after publishing an event on [[Facebook]].<ref>https://www.activistpost.com/2019/01/journalist-given-six-months-in-prison-for-organizing-yellow-vests-protest-on-facebook.html</ref> | ||
===Police violence=== | ===Police violence=== | ||
| − | By January 2019, around | + | {{YouTubeVideo |
| + | |code=sg079-bFozE | ||
| + | |caption=The police officer Didier Andrieux at a protest in Toulon in January 2019.<ref>https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/qui-est-didier-andrieux-le-policier-violent-de-toulon_2056141.html</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iWVbdsh6-QM Toulon : le commandant Andrieux a bien porté des coups le premier] - another recording of him in a different place by [[Mediapart]]</ref> | ||
| + | |align=left | ||
| + | |width=310px | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | On 1 December [[2018]], an 80 year old, Zineb Redouane, was killed by a tear gas grenade.<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2020/12/3/investigation-brings-algerian-womans-death-back-into-spotlight</ref><ref>https://desarmons.net/index.php/2019/01/04/recensement-provisoire-des-blesses-graves-des-manifestations-du-mois-de-decembre-2018/</ref> Olivier Beziade was shot in the back of the head by French police in January 2019.<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6593807/Shocking-video-shows-fireman-Yellow-Vest-protestor-shot-head-French-police.html?ns_mchannel=rss&ns_campaign=1490&ito=1490</ref> By January 2019, around 2,000 unarmed demonstrators had been seriously injured, including lost eyes and hands. Around 3,000 had been lightly injured.<ref>https://21stcenturywire.com/2019/01/29/gilets-jaunes-civilians-in-police-crosshairs-as-macron-adopts-totalitarian-state-practices-to-suppress-dissent/</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Grenade launcher / Tear gas=== | ||
| + | 12,122 LBD rounds (from the LBD 40 "grenade launcher"),<ref>http://archive.today/2021.02.05-012145/https://www.verney-carron-security.com/en/flash-ball/29-flash-ball-super-pro-fbsp.html</ref><ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6812675_Injury_pattern_of_the_Flash-BallR_a_less-lethal_weapon_used_for_law_enforcement_Report_of_two_cases_and_review_of_the_literature</ref><ref>https://www.leaderbulletin.com/bullet-riddled-eyes-cracked-jaw-the-rubber-missile-launchers-lbd-40-splits-france</ref><ref>https://www.rt.com/news/450984-flash-ball-controversy-france/</ref> 1,428 instant tear gas grenades and 4,942 hand-held sting grenades were fired or thrown between the beginning of the yellow vest movement and 4th February [[2019]].<ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20190712165133/https://rm.coe.int/commdh-2019-8-memorandum-france-en/1680932f57</ref> A third of the eye injuries caused by police weapons in France in the last 20 years have happened during yellow vest protests.<ref>https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/11/29/emmanuel-macrons-france-yellow-jackets-police-europe-year-of-cracking-heads/</ref> | ||
===Permission to "open fire"=== | ===Permission to "open fire"=== | ||
| − | In March 2019, [[Bruno Leray]] explicitly allowed the [[French police]] "open fire" if they deemed that lives were threatened by Yellow Vest.<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6838623/French-soldiers-allowed-OPEN-FIRE-lives-threatened-Yellow-Vest-rioters.html</ref> | + | In March [[2019]], [[Bruno Leray]] explicitly allowed the [[French police]] "open fire" if they deemed that lives were threatened by Yellow Vest.<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6838623/French-soldiers-allowed-OPEN-FIRE-lives-threatened-Yellow-Vest-rioters.html</ref> |
{{SMWDocs}} | {{SMWDocs}} | ||
| + | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
Latest revision as of 20:45, 12 January 2024
 | |
| Date | 17 November 2018 - Present |
|---|---|
| Location | France |
| Interest of | Anonyme Citoyen |
| Interests | General strike |
| Description | A series of mass demonstrations in France which expressed the dissatisfaction with the political process. Subject to increasingly violent repression. |
The Yellow vests movement (in French:Mouvement des gilets jaunes) is a grassroots political and economic justice movement in France. It started in 2018 and in 2019 was subject to increasingly violent repression by the French state authorities.[1][2][3]
Contents
History
After an online petition posted in May had attracted nearly a million signatures, mass demonstrations began on 17 November. The movement was initially motivated by rising fuel prices and a high cost of living; it claims that a disproportionate burden of the government's tax reforms were falling on the working and middle classes, especially in rural areas. The protesters have called for lower fuel taxes, a reintroduction of the solidarity tax on wealth, a minimum-wage increase, the implementation of Citizens' initiative referendums, among other things. On 29 November 2018, a list of 42 demands was made public and went viral on social media, becoming de facto a structuring basis for the movement, covering a wide range of eclectic topics, mostly related to democracy, social and fiscal justice.[4]
Response
At the end of 2019 315 protestors had been injured in the head due to the police force using the LBD 40 launcher and aiming deliberately too high in some cases,[citation needed] while other accounts blame insufficient training.[5] Some people were left with fractured skulls, 25 lost an eye, five lost a hand and one woman died of injuries caused by a grenade.[6]
Prison sentences for using Facebook
Hedi Martin, an organiser, was sentenced to six months' imprisonment after publishing an event on Facebook.[7]
Police violence
| The police officer Didier Andrieux at a protest in Toulon in January 2019.[8][9] |
On 1 December 2018, an 80 year old, Zineb Redouane, was killed by a tear gas grenade.[10][11] Olivier Beziade was shot in the back of the head by French police in January 2019.[12] By January 2019, around 2,000 unarmed demonstrators had been seriously injured, including lost eyes and hands. Around 3,000 had been lightly injured.[13]
Grenade launcher / Tear gas
12,122 LBD rounds (from the LBD 40 "grenade launcher"),[14][15][16][17] 1,428 instant tear gas grenades and 4,942 hand-held sting grenades were fired or thrown between the beginning of the yellow vest movement and 4th February 2019.[18] A third of the eye injuries caused by police weapons in France in the last 20 years have happened during yellow vest protests.[19]
Permission to "open fire"
In March 2019, Bruno Leray explicitly allowed the French police "open fire" if they deemed that lives were threatened by Yellow Vest.[20]
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References
- ↑ https://areyouayellowvest.com/no-irreparable-violence-against-yellow-vests-macrons-comments-are-scandalous/ saved at Archive.org
- ↑ https://www.globalresearch.ca/police-repression-in-france-macron-brutal-tactics-against-yellow-vests-have-nothing-to-do-with-public-safety-everything-to-do-with-global-politics/5668375 — on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/posts/creation-of-down-24671591
- ↑ https://borneobulletin.com.bn/frances-yellow-vests-rail-against-police-violence/
- ↑ http://archive.today/2020.08.10-222621/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_movement
- ↑ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-47101435
- ↑ https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/11/29/emmanuel-macrons-france-yellow-jackets-police-europe-year-of-cracking-heads/
- ↑ https://www.activistpost.com/2019/01/journalist-given-six-months-in-prison-for-organizing-yellow-vests-protest-on-facebook.html
- ↑ https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/qui-est-didier-andrieux-le-policier-violent-de-toulon_2056141.html
- ↑ Toulon : le commandant Andrieux a bien porté des coups le premier - another recording of him in a different place by Mediapart
- ↑ https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2020/12/3/investigation-brings-algerian-womans-death-back-into-spotlight
- ↑ https://desarmons.net/index.php/2019/01/04/recensement-provisoire-des-blesses-graves-des-manifestations-du-mois-de-decembre-2018/
- ↑ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6593807/Shocking-video-shows-fireman-Yellow-Vest-protestor-shot-head-French-police.html?ns_mchannel=rss&ns_campaign=1490&ito=1490
- ↑ https://21stcenturywire.com/2019/01/29/gilets-jaunes-civilians-in-police-crosshairs-as-macron-adopts-totalitarian-state-practices-to-suppress-dissent/
- ↑ http://archive.today/2021.02.05-012145/https://www.verney-carron-security.com/en/flash-ball/29-flash-ball-super-pro-fbsp.html
- ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6812675_Injury_pattern_of_the_Flash-BallR_a_less-lethal_weapon_used_for_law_enforcement_Report_of_two_cases_and_review_of_the_literature
- ↑ https://www.leaderbulletin.com/bullet-riddled-eyes-cracked-jaw-the-rubber-missile-launchers-lbd-40-splits-france
- ↑ https://www.rt.com/news/450984-flash-ball-controversy-france/
- ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20190712165133/https://rm.coe.int/commdh-2019-8-memorandum-france-en/1680932f57
- ↑ https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/11/29/emmanuel-macrons-france-yellow-jackets-police-europe-year-of-cracking-heads/
- ↑ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6838623/French-soldiers-allowed-OPEN-FIRE-lives-threatened-Yellow-Vest-rioters.html
