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Difference between revisions of "1772"

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== Events ==
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=== January– March ===
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* [[January 10]] – [[Shah Alam II]], the Mughal Emperor of India, makes a triumphant return to [[Delhi]] 15 years after having been forced to flee.
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* [[January 17]] – [[Johann Friedrich Struensee]] and Queen [[Caroline Matilda of Great Britain|Caroline Matilda]] are arrested, leading to his execution and her banishment from [[Denmark]].
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* [[February 12]]
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** [[Bretons|Breton]]-French explorer [[Yves-Joseph de Kerguelen-Trémarec]] discovers the uninhabited [[Kerguelen Islands]] in the Southern Indian Ocean.
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* [[February 17]] – The [[First Partition of Poland]] is agreed to by [[Russian Empire|Russia]] and [[Prussia]], later including [[Habsburg Monarchy|Austria]].
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* [[March 20]] – [[Pedro Fages]], the Spanish Governor of [[Alta California]], and Father [[Juan Crespí]] set off from the capital at [[Monterey, California|Monterey]] with a party of 12 soldiers, and begin the first European exploration of the lands around [[San Francisco Bay]].
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=== April –June ===
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* [[April 8]] – [[Massachusetts]] legislator [[Samuel Adams]] persuades his colleagues to approve his plan for creating a Committee of Correspondence to begin a dialogue with the other American colonies concerning mutual problems with the United Kingdom.
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* [[April 13]] – [[Warren Hastings]] begins his service for the [[British East India Company]] as [[List of governors of Bengal|Governor of Bengal]], arriving at the company's headquarters at [[Fort William, India|Fort William]], outside of [[Calcutta]], and including what are now parts of northeast [[India]] and [[Bangladesh]]. Hastings serves for two years, then later becomes Governor-General of India.
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* [[May 8]] &ndash; The [[Watauga Association]] Compact is signed in what is now East [[Tennessee]] by a group of white settlers led by William Bean, creating the first non-colonial government body in British North America.<ref>Lewis L. Laska, ''The Tennessee State Constitution: A Reference Guide'' (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1990) p. 1</ref>
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* [[June 9]] &ndash; [[Gaspee Affair|''Gaspee'' Affair]]: In an act of defiance against the British [[Navigation Acts]], [[Patriot (American Revolution)|American patriots]], led by [[Abraham Whipple]], attack and burn the British customs [[schooner]] HMS ''Gaspee'' off of [[Rhode Island]].
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* [[June 10]] &ndash; The [[credit crisis of 1772]] is triggered when, following the flight of their partner [[Alexander Fordyce]] to France, the London banking house of [[Neal, James, Fordyce and Down]] (which has been speculating in [[East India Company]] stock) suspends payment. The resultant panic causes other banks, particularly in Scotland, to fail, extends to Amsterdam and the [[Thirteen Colonies]] of British North America, and threatens the East India Company with bankruptcy.
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* [[June 22]] &ndash; [[Somersett's Case]]: [[William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield|Lord Mansfield]], the [[Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales]], delivers the decision that leads to the end of [[slavery]] in England.
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=== July&ndash;September ===
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* [[July 13]] &ndash; The [[second voyage of James Cook]] departs from [[Plymouth]] on Captain Cook's new ship, [[HMS Resolution (1771)|HMS ''Resolution'']] and the companion ship [[HMS Adventure (1771)|HMS ''Adventure'']] in an attempt to prove the existence of an uncharted [[continent]] even further south than [[New Zealand]].
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* [[August 5]] &ndash; The [[First Partition of Poland|first Partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] begins. The [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]] becomes part of the [[crown land]]s of the [[Habsburg Monarchy]].
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* [[August 12]] &ndash; The [[volcano]] [[Mount Papandayan]] in [[West Java]] erupts and partially collapses, the debris avalanche killing several thousands.
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* [[August 21]] &ndash; A [[Revolution of 1772|coup d'état]] by King [[Gustav III of Sweden|Gustav III]] is completed by adopting a new [[Instrument of Government (1772)|Constitution]], ending [[Age of Liberty|half a century of parliamentary rule]] in [[Sweden]], and making him an [[Enlightened absolutism|enlightened despot]].
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* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa]] is founded in [[San Luis Obispo, California]].
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=== October&ndash;December ===
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* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[Samuel Adams]] and [[Joseph Warren]] form the first [[committee of correspondence|Committee of Correspondence]].
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* [[December 14]]
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** Russian government offices reopen at [[Moscow]] and [[Saint Petersburg]] after being closed for 15 months because of an epidemic of [[bubonic plague]].<ref>John T. Alexander, ''Catherine the Great: Life and Legend'' (Oxford University Press, 1989) p159</ref>
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** [[Second voyage of James Cook]]: The crew of HMS Resolution finds that the ice floes encountered on their journey south are a source of fresh water, a "discovery... of utmost importance to the success of the voyage."<ref>"Anders Sparrman, 1748—1820", in ''Oceanographic History: The Pacific and Beyond'', ed. by Keith R. Benson and Philip F. Rehbock (University of Washington Press, 2002) p230</ref>
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=== Date unknown ===
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* Scottish scientist [[Daniel Rutherford]] discovers [[nitrogen]] gas, isolating it from air.
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* The [[Duke of Mecklenburg]]{{which|date=September 2020}} demands that all bodies remain unburied for three days to ensure that death had actually taken place.
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==References==
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{{reflist}}

Latest revision as of 02:31, 1 March 2021

1762 < 1763 < 1764 < 1765 < 1766 < 1767 < 1768 <1769 < 1770 < 1771 < 1772 > 1773 > 1774 > 1775 > 1776 > 1777 > 1778 > 1779 > 1780 > 1781 > 1782

Decade.png 1770s: )    Year.png 1772 Rdf-entity.pngRdf-icon.png
Struensees arrestation.jpg
Johann Friedrich Struensee, Royal physisican and "de facto" regent of Denmark is arrested and executed
year 1772

Events

January– March

April –June

July–September

October–December

Date unknown


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References

  1. Lewis L. Laska, The Tennessee State Constitution: A Reference Guide (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1990) p. 1
  2. John T. Alexander, Catherine the Great: Life and Legend (Oxford University Press, 1989) p159
  3. "Anders Sparrman, 1748—1820", in Oceanographic History: The Pacific and Beyond, ed. by Keith R. Benson and Philip F. Rehbock (University of Washington Press, 2002) p230